> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://firebolt-aggregate-helm-docs-pr-97.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# Statements
> Snowflake DDL, DML, transaction (TCL), and DCL statements supported in Snowflake compatibility mode.
Preview
Snowflake [data definition](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql-ddl-summary) (DDL), [data manipulation](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql-dml) (DML), [transaction](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/transactions) (TCL), and [data control](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/grant-privilege) (DCL) statements in [Snowflake compatibility mode](/reference-sql/snowflake/overview).
## Data definition language
| Statement | Support | Notes |
| :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :--------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [`CREATE TABLE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table) | Supported | Column-definition, `AS SELECT`, and `CLONE` forms, with `IF NOT EXISTS`, `TEMPORARY`, column constraints, and `DEFAULT`. `CLUSTER BY` becomes the table's [primary index](/reference-sql/commands/data-definition/create-fact-dimension-table), including a computed clustering key. `TRANSIENT` and `COMMENT` are accepted and ignored. `IDENTITY`, `AUTOINCREMENT`, `LIKE`, `DATA_RETENTION_TIME_IN_DAYS`, and the policy and Iceberg clauses are rejected. A column list must match the query's output width. With `SELECT *` the width is not known when the statement is translated, so the list is not applied and the query's own column names are kept, where Snowflake applies the declared ones. |
| [`CREATE VIEW`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-view) | Supported | `OR REPLACE` and `IF NOT EXISTS`. `SECURE` is accepted and ignored: the view definition stays readable, where Snowflake hides it. Column-list views are not supported. |
| [`CREATE SCHEMA`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-schema) | Supported | `IF NOT EXISTS`. `TRANSIENT` is not supported. |
| [`DROP TABLE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/drop-table), [`DROP VIEW`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/drop-view), [`DROP SCHEMA`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/drop-schema) | Supported | `IF EXISTS`. |
| [`ALTER TABLE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-table) | With limitations | `ADD COLUMN`, `DROP COLUMN`, `RENAME COLUMN`, and `RENAME TO`. Not supported: `SET`/`UNSET COMMENT`, `ALTER COLUMN ... SET DATA TYPE`, `DROP NOT NULL`, `CLUSTER BY`, `ADD`/`DROP CONSTRAINT`, `SWAP WITH`, `SET`/`UNSET TAG`, and the retention settings. |
| [`ALTER VIEW`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-view), [`ALTER SCHEMA`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-schema) | Not supported | Neither `RENAME TO` nor `SET COMMENT` is accepted. |
| [`CREATE SCHEMA ... CLONE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-schema) | Not supported | The objects in the source schema are not copied. |
| [`CREATE DATABASE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-database), `DROP DATABASE` | Supported | `IF NOT EXISTS` and `IF EXISTS` are supported. Not supported: `OR REPLACE`, `CLONE`, the Snowflake platform options (`TRANSIENT`, retention, and so on), and `UNDROP`. |
| [`USE DATABASE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/use-database) | Supported | `USE ` and `USE DATABASE ` both switch the active database (client protocol 2.0+ required). `USE SCHEMA`, `USE WAREHOUSE`, and `USE ROLE` are not supported. |
| [`SET`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/set), [`UNSET`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/unset) | Not supported | Firebolt has no `SET` statement; its settings are passed as query parameters. Session variables and `$var` are not available. |
| [`CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-materialized-view) | Not supported | |
| `CREATE HYBRID TABLE`, `CREATE ICEBERG TABLE`, `CREATE EVENT TABLE`, `CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE`, `CREATE DYNAMIC TABLE` | Not supported | |
| [`CREATE FUNCTION`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-function), [`CREATE PROCEDURE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-procedure), `CALL`, `EXECUTE IMMEDIATE` | Not supported | |
| [`CREATE STAGE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-stage), `CREATE FILE FORMAT`, `CREATE PIPE`, `PUT`, `GET`, `LIST`, `REMOVE` | Not supported | |
| [`CREATE STREAM`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-stream), `CREATE TASK`, `CREATE ALERT`, `CREATE SEQUENCE` | Not supported | |
| [`DESCRIBE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/desc) | Supported | `DESCRIBE`/`DESC TABLE` returns the column listing. |
| [`SHOW`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/show), `COMMENT ON` | Not supported | `information_schema` queries and `EXPLAIN` work, but their columns differ from Snowflake's. |
## Data manipulation language
| Statement | Support | Notes |
| :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [`INSERT`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/insert) | Supported | `INSERT ... VALUES` and `INSERT ... SELECT`. |
| [`UPDATE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/update) | Supported | Including `UPDATE ... FROM`. |
| [`DELETE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/delete) | Supported | Including `DELETE ... USING`. |
| [`TRUNCATE TABLE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/truncate-table) | Supported | |
| [`MERGE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/merge) | Supported | `WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE`/`DELETE` and `WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT`. |
| [`INSERT OVERWRITE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/insert), `INSERT ALL` | Not supported | |
| [`COPY INTO`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/copy-into-table) | Not supported | Table and location forms. |
## Transaction control
| Statement | Support | Notes |
| :--------------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [`BEGIN`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/begin) | Supported | `BEGIN TRANSACTION` and `START TRANSACTION` are accepted synonyms. |
| [`COMMIT`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/commit) | Supported | |
| [`ROLLBACK`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/rollback) | Supported | |
## Data control language
| Statement | Support | Notes |
| :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :------------ | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [`GRANT`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/grant-privilege) | Not supported | Use native [access control](/reference-sql/commands/access-control/create-role) statements. |
| [`REVOKE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/revoke-privilege) | Not supported | Use native access control statements. |
| [`CREATE ROLE`](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-role), `CREATE USER`, masking and row-access policies, tags | Not supported | |
## Limitations
* DDL returns no result set. Snowflake returns a status message such as `Table T successfully created.`
* DML returns no result set. Snowflake returns the affected-row counts.
* Fully qualified three-part `database.schema.table` names are not supported; see [Query syntax](/reference-sql/snowflake/query-syntax).
* Warehouses, `ALTER SESSION`, and session variables are not supported, nor are integrations, external volumes, shares, applications, Streamlit, Cortex services, and replication or failover groups.